Cefotaxime Injection

Indication
Used for the treatment of infections caused by aerobic pathogens susceptible to Ceftriaxone.

Including
Lower respiratory tract infections, skin and skin structure infections, urinary tract infections, gonorrhoea (cervical, urethral & rectal), bacterial septicaemia, bone and joint infections, meningitis, surgical prophylaxis etc.
Action
Microbiology
- Ceftriaxone is a semisynthetic broad spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity against Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria (including those with beta-lactamases)
Ceftriaxone is usually active against the following pathogens:
- Gram negative anaerobes: E Aerogenes, E Cloacae, E Coli, H Influenzae (including ampicillin resistant strains), Klebsiella SP, N Gonorrhoea (including penicillinase & non penicillinase producing strains), N Meningitis, P Mirabilis, P Vulgaris, M Morganii, S Marcescens, P Aeruginosa (other Pseduomonas SP are usually resistant). Gram positive aerobes: S Aureus (including penicillinase producing strains), S Epidermis (methicillin resistant staphylococci are resistant to cephalosporins, including ceftriaxone), Streptococci SP (most species of group D Streptococci are resistant, including S Faecalis & S Faecium).
Pharmaco-Kinetics:

• Ceftriaxone is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract
• Following intramuscular administration, peak plasma drug levels are achieved within 2-3 hours
• 33-67% of a dose is excreted as unchanged ceftriaxone in the urine
• The drug is also secreted in the bile and inactive metabolites are also found in the faeces
• In healthy subjects, elimination half lives range from 5.8-8.7 hours in adults, 4.6 hours in children, 7.2-19 hours in neonatals and 4.0-6.6 hours in infants.